2.80:Binarize (IP Command) - Revision history

Dgreenwood at 15:06, 5 August 2025

2025-08-05T15:06:58Z

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Randallkinard at 15:23, 29 April 2024

2024-04-29T15:23:16Z

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	[[File:Binarize - command panel.png\|frame\|Binzarize in an IP Profile and its property panel.]]		[[File:Binarize - command panel.png\|frame\|Binzarize in an IP Profile and its property panel.]]

	<blockquote ~~style="font-size~~:~~14pt">~~		<blockquote>{{#lst:Glossary\|Binarize}}</blockquote>
	~~'''~~Binarize~~''' converts a color or grayscale image to black and white for further processing.~~
	</blockquote>

	'''Binarize''' is an '''[[IP Command]]''' that converts a color or grayscale document image into black and white. This can be used as a basic method of cleaning up a document, rendering it black and white to produce better [[OCR]] results. This is accomplished by "thresholding" the image, setting a value that determines which pixels should be "white" and which should be "black". There are four image thresholding methods available to Grooper: ''Simple'', ''Auto'', ''Adaptive'', and ''Dynamic''.		'''Binarize''' is an '''[[IP Command]]''' that converts a color or grayscale document image into black and white. This can be used as a basic method of cleaning up a document, rendering it black and white to produce better [[OCR]] results. This is accomplished by "thresholding" the image, setting a value that determines which pixels should be "white" and which should be "black". There are four image thresholding methods available to Grooper: ''Simple'', ''Auto'', ''Adaptive'', and ''Dynamic''.

Randallkinard: Randallkinard moved page 2.80:Binarize to 2.80:Binarize (IP Command) without leaving a redirect: new naming convention

2024-04-16T13:41:19Z

Randallkinard moved page 2.80:Binarize to 2.80:Binarize (IP Command) without leaving a redirect: new naming convention

← Older revision	Revision as of 08:41, 16 April 2024
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Dgreenwood: Dgreenwood moved page Binarize - 2.80 to 2.80:Binarize

2023-12-22T15:47:42Z

Dgreenwood moved page Binarize - 2.80 to 2.80:Binarize

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Dgreenwood at 15:47, 22 December 2023

2023-12-22T15:47:30Z

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	[[File:Binarize - command panel.png\|frame\|Binzarize in an IP Profile and its property panel.]]		[[File:Binarize - command panel.png\|frame\|Binzarize in an IP Profile and its property panel.]]

	~~<onlyinclude>~~
	<blockquote style="font-size:14pt">		<blockquote style="font-size:14pt">
	'''Binarize''' converts a color or grayscale image to black and white for further processing.		'''Binarize''' converts a color or grayscale image to black and white for further processing.
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	Binarization is also considered an "IP Primitive" in that it is foundational to other image processing operations. Binarization is helpful (and sometimes required) to perform other '''IP Commands''', such as '''Line Removal''' and '''Box Removal'''. These commands will have an ability to pre-process the image with its own binarization settings before final document binarization.		Binarization is also considered an "IP Primitive" in that it is foundational to other image processing operations. Binarization is helpful (and sometimes required) to perform other '''IP Commands''', such as '''Line Removal''' and '''Box Removal'''. These commands will have an ability to pre-process the image with its own binarization settings before final document binarization.
	~~</onlyinclude>~~

	== What Is Binarization? ==		== What Is Binarization? ==
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	\|Black Grouping\|\|25%\|\|Specifies how aggressively dark areas of the image will be preserved. In a nutshell, the higher this number, the less black pixels will be dropped out during thresholding.		\|Black Grouping\|\|25%\|\|Specifies how aggressively dark areas of the image will be preserved. In a nutshell, the higher this number, the less black pixels will be dropped out during thresholding.
	\|}		\|}

	~~[[Category:Articles]]~~
	~~[[Category:Version 2.80]]~~

Dgreenwood at 16:09, 9 December 2022

2022-12-09T16:09:22Z

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	\|Black Grouping\|\|25%\|\|Specifies how aggressively dark areas of the image will be preserved. In a nutshell, the higher this number, the less black pixels will be dropped out during thresholding.		\|Black Grouping\|\|25%\|\|Specifies how aggressively dark areas of the image will be preserved. In a nutshell, the higher this number, the less black pixels will be dropped out during thresholding.
	\|}		\|}

			[[Category:Articles]]
			[[Category:Version 2.80]]

Dgreenwood: Dgreenwood moved page Binarize to Binarize - 2.80: To be consistent with current naming conventions

2022-12-09T16:09:00Z

Dgreenwood moved page Binarize to Binarize - 2.80: To be consistent with current naming conventions

← Older revision	Revision as of 11:09, 9 December 2022
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Dgreenwood at 17:07, 8 November 2021

2021-11-08T17:07:35Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:07, 8 November 2021
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	</blockquote>		</blockquote>

	'''Binarize''' is an '''[[IP Command]]''' that converts a color or grayscale document image into black and white. This can be used as a basic method of cleaning up a document, rendering it black and white to produce better [[OCR]] results. This is accomplished by "thresholding" the image, setting a value that determines which pixels should be "white" and which should be "black". There are four thresholding methods available to Grooper: ''Simple'', ''Auto'', ''Adaptive'', and ''Dynamic''.		'''Binarize''' is an '''[[IP Command]]''' that converts a color or grayscale document image into black and white. This can be used as a basic method of cleaning up a document, rendering it black and white to produce better [[OCR]] results. This is accomplished by "thresholding" the image, setting a value that determines which pixels should be "white" and which should be "black". There are four image thresholding methods available to Grooper: ''Simple'', ''Auto'', ''Adaptive'', and ''Dynamic''.

	Binarization is also considered an "IP ~~Primative~~" in that it is foundational to other image processing operations. Binarization is helpful (and sometimes required) to perform other '''IP Commands''', such as '''Line Removal''' and '''Box Removal'''. These commands will have an ability to pre-process the image with its own binarization settings before final document binarization.		Binarization is also considered an "IP Primitive" in that it is foundational to other image processing operations. Binarization is helpful (and sometimes required) to perform other '''IP Commands''', such as '''Line Removal''' and '''Box Removal'''. These commands will have an ability to pre-process the image with its own binarization settings before final document binarization.
	</onlyinclude>		</onlyinclude>

	==About==		== What Is Binarization? ==

			Binarization is the process of transforming a multi-tonal, gray-scale or pixel image into a two-tone, black – white, or binary image. Converting an image from multi-tonal to bi-tonal (or binarized image) is accomplished through thresholding. This means setting the pixel values from the 0-255 spectrum to a 0-1 spectrum. In a binarized image, 0 represents white and 1 represents black.

			If a gray value is equal to greater than the threshold, then those parts of the image are transformed into white. So if a gray value parts of an image are less than the threshold, then those parts are transformed into black.

			==About Binarization (and the Binarize IP Command) ==

	Many of Grooper's Image Processing capabilities work better if an image is in black and white instead of color (or simply won't work when using a color image). Take Line Detection for example. At its most basic level, a line on an image is a string of pixels one after the other. Grooper would have to pick out one string of colored pixels in a row and decide if it was a line or just a string of pixels that happened to be the same color. The result would be catastrophic. However, if you convert the color image into a black and white one, you only have two choices to make, is the pixel black or white? Is it a string of black pixels in a row? That's a line. Easy.		Many of Grooper's Image Processing capabilities work better if an image is in black and white instead of color (or simply won't work when using a color image). Take Line Detection for example. At its most basic level, a line on an image is a string of pixels one after the other. Grooper would have to pick out one string of colored pixels in a row and decide if it was a line or just a string of pixels that happened to be the same color. The result would be catastrophic. However, if you convert the color image into a black and white one, you only have two choices to make, is the pixel black or white? Is it a string of black pixels in a row? That's a line. Easy.

	Binarization converts color images to black and white by "thresholding" the image. Thresholding is the process of setting a threshold value on the pixel intensity of the original image. Pixel intensity is a pixel's "lightness" or "brightness". Essentially, once a midpoint between the most intense ("whitest") and least intense ("blackest") pixel on a page is established, lighter pixels are converted to white and darker are converted to black. Or put another way, pixels with an intensity value above the threshold are converted to white, and those below the threshold are converted to black. This midpoint (or "threshold") can be set manually or found automatically by a software application. The Thresholding Method can be set to one of four ways:		Binarization converts color images to black and white by "thresholding" the image. Thresholding is the process of setting a threshold value on the pixel intensity of the original image. Pixel intensity is a pixel's "lightness" or "brightness". Essentially, once a midpoint between the most intense ("whitest") and least intense ("blackest") pixel on a page is established, lighter pixels are converted to white and darker are converted to black. Or put another way, pixels with an intensity value above the image threshold are converted to white, and those below the threshold are converted to black. This midpoint (or "threshold") can be set manually or found automatically by a software application. The Thresholding Method can be set to one of four ways:

	* Simple - Thresholds an image to black and white using a fixed threshold value between 1 and 255.		* Simple - Thresholds an image to black and white using a fixed threshold value between 1 and 255.
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	\|}		\|}

	==Thresholding Methods==		==Image Thresholding Methods==
	=== Simple ===		=== Simple ===

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	{\|style="margin:auto"		{\|style="margin:auto"
	\|-style="text-align:center"		\|-style="text-align:center"
	\|rowspan="2"\|The input image.<br /><br />[[~~file~~:~~1573076797283-583~~.png\|center\|400px]]\|\|Threshold 50[[~~file~~:~~1573571909774~~-~~820~~.png\|center\|200px]]\|\|Threshold 100[[~~file~~:~~1573571917580~~-~~462~~.png\|center\|200px]]		\|rowspan="2"\|The input image.<br /><br />[[File:Binarization.png\|center\|400px]]\|\|Threshold 50[[File:Image-binarization.png\|center\|200px]]\|\|Threshold 100[[File:Document-image-binarization.png\|center\|200px]]
	\|-style="text-align:center"		\|-style="text-align:center"
	\|Threshold 150<br /><br />[[file:1573571927287-622.png\|center\|200px]]\|\|Threshold 200<br /><br />[[file:1573571935456-496.png\|center\|200px]]		\|Threshold 150<br /><br />[[file:1573571927287-622.png\|center\|200px]]\|\|Threshold 200<br /><br />[[file:1573571935456-496.png\|center\|200px]]
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	=== Auto ===		=== Auto ===

	This is Grooper's default threshold method. This method selects a threshold value from 1 to 255 automatically using "Otsu's Method". This has the benefit of analyzing an image an choosing a threshold value for you. Furthermore, the threshold is not fixed for each image. A threshold value is computed for each one.		This is Grooper's default image threshold method. This method selects a threshold value from 1 to 255 automatically using "Otsu's Method". This has the benefit of analyzing an image an choosing a threshold value for you. Furthermore, the threshold is not fixed for each image. A threshold value is computed for each one.

	==== Property Details ====		==== Property Details ====
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	=== Dynamic ===		=== Dynamic ===

	The Dynamic thresholding method uses the Adaptive method but works to preserve darker pixels on the page.		The Dynamic image thresholding method uses the Adaptive method but works to preserve darker pixels on the page.

	==== Property Details ====		==== Property Details ====

Dgreenwood at 19:19, 24 March 2021

2021-03-24T19:19:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:19, 24 March 2021
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	=== Simple ===		=== Simple ===

	This is by far the simplest to configure. All you do is manually set the pixel threshold for the documents. However, simplest doesn't necessarily mean easiest. This can be a value from 1 to 255. On a thresholding scale, 0 is pure black and ~~256 is~~ pure white. If you set the threshold to 255, that would mean any pixel with an intensity value less than pure white would be converted to black. For many documents, this ends up turning the entire page black. Even if a page "looks" white, if it is not totally 100% pure white, those pixels are turning black. Be careful, for many images scanned on color or grayscale (and even some digital documents as well) what you think is white may actually be just extremely close to white (same for black).		This is by far the simplest to configure. All you do is manually set the pixel threshold for the documents. However, simplest doesn't necessarily mean easiest. This can be a value from 1 to 255. On a thresholding scale, 0 is pure black and 255 is pure white. If you set the threshold to 255, that would mean any pixel with an intensity value less than pure white would be converted to black. For many documents, this ends up turning the entire page black. Even if a page "looks" white, if it is not totally 100% pure white, those pixels are turning black. Be careful, for many images scanned on color or grayscale (and even some digital documents as well) what you think is white may actually be just extremely close to white (same for black).

	However, as a general rule, the closer the number is to 255 will make the image blacker, and the closer it is to 1 will make the image whiter. The image will have more black pixels the closer to 255 and more white pixels the closer to 1.		However, as a general rule, the closer the number is to 255 will make the image blacker, and the closer it is to 1 will make the image whiter. The image will have more black pixels the closer to 255 and more white pixels the closer to 1.

Dgreenwood at 15:38, 23 November 2020

2020-11-23T15:38:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:38, 23 November 2020
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	[[File:Binarize - command panel.png\|frame\|Binzarize in an IP Profile and its property panel.]]		[[File:Binarize - command panel.png\|frame\|Binzarize in an IP Profile and its property panel.]]

	<~~onlyincldue~~>		<onlyinclude>
	<blockquote style="font-size:14pt">		<blockquote style="font-size:14pt">
	'''Binarize''' converts a color or grayscale image to black and white for further processing.		'''Binarize''' converts a color or grayscale image to black and white for further processing.